Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F and grease a glass 9x13 baking dish with butter. Set aside. In a large mixing bowl, sift together the flour, baking powder and salt. Set to the side.
140 grams flour, 8 grams baking powder, 2 grams salt
In a glass measuring cup, whisk together the milk, sourdough discard and vanilla extract. Set aside.
100 grams milk, 120 grams sourdough starter discard, 8 grams vanilla extract
Separate the egg yolks and egg whites between two separate bowls.
5 eggs
With a hand mixer on high speed, beat the egg yolks with 180 grams (3/4 cup + 2 Tablespoons) of the sugar until it is a light, pale yellow (about 1-2 minutes). Stir in the sourdough discard mixture into the egg yolk mixture until combined. 240 grams sugar, divided
Next, beat the egg whites with an electric hand mixer on high speed until soft peaks form (about 1 minute). While the mixer is still running, slowly pour 60 grams (heaping 1/4 cup) of sugar into the soft peaks and continue to beat the egg white mixture until stiff peaks form (1 minute).
Pour the egg yolk mixture into the flour mixture and mix with a spatula until the dry ingredients are just incorporated. Then, gently fold the egg whites into the batter until the whipped whites just disappear.
Gently pour the cake batter into the prepared pan. Bake for 27-30 minutes or until the cake is golden brown and a toothpick comes out clean.